Political Conflict in the Umayyad Era (661-1031 AD)

Authors

  • Shery Fara Afifah Maulana Malik Ibrahim State Islamic University Malang
  • Nova Ariyanti Maulana Malik Ibrahim State Islamic University Malang
  • Khoirul Safril Umam Maulana Malik Ibrahim State Islamic University Malang
  • Nurul Aini Maulana Malik Ibrahim State Islamic University Malang
  • Zulfi Mubaraq Maulana Malik Ibrahim State Islamic University Malang
  • Ahmad Kholil Maulana Malik Ibrahim State Islamic University Malang

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.30829/juspi.v8i2.20854

Keywords:

Conflict, Politics, Umayyad era.

Abstract

The study of conflict in the Umayyad era is very important to be studied in more depth. This is because the study never stops being debated. The purpose of this paper is to understand 3 things: First, the paradigm of political conflict in the Umayyad era. Second, internal and external factors that influenced political conflict in the Umayyad era. Third, the positive and negative implications of political conflict in the Umayyad era on Islamic society. The method used is qualitative research with a library research approach. The results found 3 things: First, there are 6 forms of paradigm: (1) Conflict (2) Resistance (3) Struggle (4) Feud (5) Transfer of power (6) Violence and deceit. Second, internally, there are 6 factors that influence political conflict in the Umayyad era: (1) Leadership incompetence (2) Government system (3) Expansion of power (4) Equality of interest (5) Political interests (6) Leadership principles. Externally, there are 2 factors that influence: (1) Political pressure (2) Invasion from other countries. Third, there are 5 positive implications for muslims: (1) Military strength (2) Territorial expansion (3) Administrative institutions (4) Lighthouse of world civilization (5) Official language. Meanwhile, there are 3 negative implications: (1) The collapse of power (2) The growth of Muslims was hampered (3) Fierce debate arose. The conclusion of this article shows that it provides new insights and views on political conflict in the Umayyad era.

References

Affan, M. (2018). Peperangan Proxy, Mozarab, dan Cordova Dalam Sejarah Umayyah II Di Andalusia. JUSPI (Jurnal Sejarah Peradaban Islam), 2(1), 36. https://doi.org/10.30829/j.v2i1.1546

Ali, M. N. (2020). Kebijakan Umar ibn Abdul Aziz dalam Pemberantasan Korupsi. Warisan: Journal of History and Cultural Heritage, 1(2), 37-45. https://doi.org/10.34007/warisan.v1i2.305

Anam Khoirudin, M. L., & Mawardi, K. (2023). Periodesasi dan Perkembangan Dinasti Umayyah. Transformasi Manageria: Journal of Islamic Education Management, 4(1), 53-61. https://doi.org/10.47467/manageria.v4i1.3796

Anggraeni, R. (2016). Analisis Konflik Sosial dan Konflik Politik Pada Novel Sekali Peristiwa di Banten Selatan Karya Pramoedya Ananta Toer dan Rencana Pelaksanaan Pemelajaran Membaca DI SMA. Universitas Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa.

Anwar, K., Nurdin, N., & Shabir, M. (2020). Dimensi Ekonomi Politik dalam Konflik Perebutan Sumber Kekuasaan Arab Islam. Tashwirul Afkar, 38(02), 249-268. https://doi.org/10.51716/ta.v38i02.22

Basri, M., Ain, D. N. A., Nabila, & Wibowo, S. (2024). The story of the Umayyad Caliph. Eductum, 3(1), 8-13.

Basri, M., Al-Hadid, N. H., Tanjung, Z. F. U., & Hasanah, N. (2024). The Period of Progress of Islamic Civilization. EDUCTUM: Journal Research, 3(1), 27-33.

Basri, M., Maghfirah, Salsabilah, & Sindy, Y. A. (2023). Dinasti-Dinasti yang Memisahkan Diri dari Baghdad. Al-Mirah: Jurnal Pendidikan Islam, 5(2), 186.

Dalimunthe, L. A. (2014). Kemunduran dan Keruntuhan Daulah Bani Mawiyah di Damaskus dan Andalusia (Studi Pustaka). Anterior Jurnal, 13(2), 1-7.

Darusti, F., Syamsuddin, S., & Usman, U. (2023). Kemunduran Pendidikan Islam Abad Pertengahan: Daulah Abbasiyah Dan Daulah Umayyah. SETYAKI : Jurnal Studi Keagamaan Islam, 1(2), 54-60. https://doi.org/10.59966/setyaki.v1i2.276

Dirhamzah. (2020). Perkembangan Politik dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Masa Dinasti Bani Umayyah. Jurnal Al-Hikmah, 22(2), 80-96.

Ekaviana, N. A. (2021). Peralihan Kerajaan Islam Secara Damai Dari Hasan. Qurthuba: The Journal of History and Islamic Civilization, 5(1).

Fadhli, M., & Prasetyo, M. A. M. (2022). Pendekatan Konflik Organisasi Terhadap Madrasah Efektif: Kerangka Konseptual. HIJRI Jurnal Manajemen Kependidikan Dan Keislaman, 11(2).

Fahrezy, A. F., & Hamid, R. Al. (2021). Pemikiran Politik Niccolo Machiavelli: Studi Kasus Dinasti Umayyah. Living Islam: Journal of Islamic Discourses, 4(2). https://doi.org/10.14421/lijid.v4i2.2866

Fajri, F., Putra, H., & Sumanti, S. T. (2024). Potret Peradaban Islam Era Dinasti Umayyah. Instructional Development Journal (IDJ), 7(1), 150-157.

Fananie, A., Mulyana, N., & Maulana, M. A. (2021). Refleksi Kemunduran Dinasti Umayyah Dan Dinasti Abasiyyah. An-Nufus: Jurnal Kajian Islam, Tasawuf Dan Psikoterapi, 03(02), 41-57.

Hanapi, M. S. (2017). Metode Pengelolaan Konflik Politik: Analisis Kasus Konflik Politik Ali-Mu‘awiyah. Neo-Bis, 11(1), 1-18.

Haris, M. (2018). Situasi Politik Pemerintahan Dinasti Umayyah dan Abbasiyah. TASAMUH: Jurnal Studi Islam, 10(2), 391-406. https://doi.org/10.47945/tasamuh.v10i2.79

Hayani, S., & Bakhtiar, N. (2020). Arabisasi Pemerintahan Islam pada Masa Khalifah Abdul Malik bin Marwan. JUSPI (Jurnal Sejarah Peradaban Islam), 3(2), 204. https://doi.org/10.30829/juspi.v3i2.6509

Mursyid, A. B. (2023). Perlawanan Khalifah Abdul Malik bin Marwan terhadap Higemoni Peradaban Persia dan Romawi. Khazanah: Jurnal Sejarah Dan Kebudayaan Islam, 13(1), 1-15.

Murtadho, I. (2023). Ekspansi Politik Bani Umayyah. Al-Muqaronah: Jurnal Perbandingan Mazhab Dan Hukum, 2(2), 1-12. https://doi.org/10.59259/am.v2i2.102

Nasution, S. (2017). Konflik-konflik Politik dalam Sejarah Peradaban Islam. Riau: Asa Riau.

NB, M. (2020). Strategi Manajemen Konflik Dalam Upaya Penyelesaian Konflik Politik: Suatu Tinjauan Teoritis. JEMMA (Jurnal of Economic, Management, and Accounting), 3(2).

Nur, M. (2015). Pemerintahan Islam Masa Daulat Bani Umayyah (Pembentukan, Kemajuan dan Kemunduran). Pusaka, 3(1). https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.31969/pusaka.v3i1.141

Nurfazillah. (2020). Praktik Politik Dalam Sejarah Islam Era Dinasti-Dinasti Islam. Al-Ijtima`i: International Journal of Government and Social Science, 6(1), 43-62. https://doi.org/10.22373/jai.v6i1.615

Ridwan, M. S., & Tutrisno, I. (2021). SiyasahSyarìyyah Pada Masa Dinasti Bani Umayyah (Masa KepemimpinanMùawiyah bin Abi Sufyan ). Jurnal Al-Himayah, 5(Issue 2), 147-161.

Rustan, N. A. (2020). Konflik Bani Hasyim Dan Bani Umayyah (Konflik Politik Ali Bin Abi Thalib Dan Muawiyah Bin Abi Sufyan). Institut Agama Islam Negeri (IAIN) Parepare.

Sangmurdiyono, M. A. G., & Zidan, M. (2024). Administrative Evolution and Economic Policies of the Society. Discourse Journal, 01(1), 1-9.

Setiawan, A. M. (2020). Transisi Sistem Pemerintahan : al-Khulafa al-Rashidun ke Dinasti Umayyah Masa Yazid Bin Muawiyah ( 661-683 M ). Tsaqofah Dan Tarikh, 4(2), 110.

Setiawan, A. M., & Sodikin, A. (2023). Misi Dakwah Islam Masa Bani Umayyah 661-750 M. JUSAN: Jurnal Sejarah Peradaban Islam Indonesia, 1(1), 17-31.

Sholihah, M. (2019). Rekonstruksi Sejarah Pemikiran dan Peradaban Islam Era Dinasti Umayyah dalam Pendidikan Islam. FALASIFA : Jurnal Studi Keislaman, 10(1), 81-106. https://doi.org/10.36835/falasifa.v10i1.154

Siregar, M., Junaidi, J., & Aminuddin, A. (2024). The Prophet's Political Communication and the Islamic Classical Period. Holistic Science, 4(2), 168-173.

Syafuri, B. (2022). Percaturan Politik Bani Umaiyah Dalam Mendirikan Pemerintahan Monarki. Al Qisthas Jurnal Hukum Dan Politik, 12(2), 13-33. https://doi.org/10.37035/alqisthas.v12i2.5229

Syahraeni, A. (2016). Islam di Syria. Jurnal Rihlah, IV(2), 136-145.

Syarifah, N. (2021). Kepentingan Politik Pemerintahan Mu'awiyah bin Abu Sufyan: Perpindahan Kekuasaan dari Kufah ke Damaskus. Pemerintahan Dan Politik Islam, 6(1), 77-89.

Tapi, T., & Makabori, Y. Y. (2021). Program Pembangunan Kampung : Perspektif Fungsional dan Konflik dalam Konstruksi Sosial Masyarakat Suku Arfak di Kabupaten Manokwari. Jurnal Triton, 12(2), 27-37.

Usri, & Fathani, H. S. (2022). Pembaharuan Sistem Pemerintahan Pada Dinasti Umayyah dan Pengaruhnya Terhadap Peradaban Islam. Al-Mutsla: Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Keisaman Dan Kemasyarakatan, 4(1), 67-76.

Yudistira, E., Begouvic, M. E. H., & Tamrin, H. (2023). Sistem Pemerintahan Dalam Masa Bani Umayyah. Sol Justicia, 5(2), 176-181. https://doi.org/10.54816/sj.v5i2.573

Zainudin, E. (2015). Perkembangan Islam Pada Masa Bani Umayyah. Jurnal Intelegensia, 3(2), 28-35Zainudin, E. (2015). Perkembangan Islam Pada.

Zed, M. (2008). Metode Penelitian Kepustakaan. Jakarta: Yayasan Pustaka Obor Indonesia.

Downloads

Published

2025-01-10

Issue

Vol. 8 No. 2 (2025)

Section

Articles

License

Copyright Statement

1. Author(s)'s Warranties

The author warrants that the article is original, written by the stated author(s), has not been published before, contains no unlawful statements, does not infringe the rights of others, is subject to copyright that is vested exclusively in the author, and free of any third-party rights, and that any necessary written permissions to quote from other sources have been obtained by the author(s).

2. Right of Authors

JUSPI allows the author(s) to hold the copyright. Authors retain all their rights to the published works, such as (but not limited to) the following rights:

  • Reproduce the work.
  • Prepare derivative works based on the work.
  • Distribute copies of the work.
  • Perform the work publicly.
  • Display the work publicly.
  • Copyright and other proprietary rights relating to the article, such as patent rights.
  • The right to self-archive the article (please read our Repository Policy).
  • The right to enter separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the article's published version (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal (JUSPI).

3. Co-Authorship

If the article was jointly prepared by other authors, any author submitting the manuscript warrants that he/she has been authorized by all co-authors to be agreed on this copyright and license notice (agreement) on their behalf and agrees to inform his/her co-authors of the terms of this policy. JUSPI will not be held liable for anything that may arise due to the author(s) internal dispute. JUSPI will only communicate with the corresponding author.

4. Royalties

This agreement entitles the author to no royalties or other fees. To such extent as legally permissible, the author waives his or her right to collect royalties relative to the article in respect of any use of the article by JUSPI.

5. User/Public Right

JUSPI's spirit is to disseminate articles published as free as possible. Under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, JUSPI permits users to share, copy, redistribute, display, and perform the material in any medium or format. Adapt, remix, transform, and build upon the material for any purpose, even commercially. Users will also need to attribute authors and JUSPI to distributing works in the journal and other media of publication.

License

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.